The Astronomical Observatories of Kazan Federal University, a UNESCO World Heritage site in the Russian Federation, consist of two historic facilities: the Kazan City Astronomical Observatory, built in 1837 on the university campus in central Kazan, and the suburban Engelhardt Astronomical Observatory, established in 1901, 24 kilometers west of the city. Recognized for their contributions to optical astronomy and astrophysics from the 19th and early 20th centuries, these well-preserved sites feature unique architectural ensembles and original instruments, including a rare functioning heliometer. Today, they serve primarily as educational and research centers, reflecting a significant legacy in global astronomical science.

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